The EU stands on the threshold of such a moment: a €1 billion investment in a NAMs Moonshot Programme under Horizon Europe 2028-2034. Such a programme would represent a transformative, coordinated effort to accelerate the development, validation and adoption of more human-relevant research methods across the full innovation cycle, from discovery to deployment.
Europe’s current investment trajectory risks leaving it behind. Under the Choose Europe for Life Sciences strategy announced in July, the Commission pledged €10 billion annually through EU funding programs to position the EU as a global leader in health and life sciences. Yet only €50 million of that investment is earmarked for NAMs in 2026-27, not nearly enough to drive EU innovation or strengthen EU competitiveness.
By contrast, other global actors have not only recognised the strategic value of NAMs, but they have also put forward their money. The United States launched the NIH Complement-ARIE initiative in 2024, a 10-year, US$400 million programme to advance non-animal research methods, while the Netherlands established the Utrecht Ombion Centre for Animal-Free Biomedical Translation in 2025 with a €245 million investment. The current €50 million reserved for NAMs in the Commission’s strategy is not enough to get the job done.
With Horizon Europe 2028-2034 doubling its budget and foregrounding a set of visionary moonshot projects, there’s a window of opportunity for the EU to strengthen NAMs funding and secure a leadership role in human-relevant, next-generation life sciences. A structured, €1 billion EU-wide NAMs Moonshot Programme, grounded in the principles of scientific excellence, strategic autonomy and societal benefit is in close alignment with the European Research Area Action on NAMs, which focuses on validation, infrastructure, education and awareness.
To set a NAMs moonshot up for success, validation capacity (i.e., proving NAMs work reliably and accurately for their intended purpose) must be prioritised, along with solid infrastructure and training to build scientific credibility and technological scalability. Education and awareness initiatives are essential to develop a skilled workforce and sustain long-term adoption of these approaches. This investment would drive scientific innovation and strengthen EU competitiveness.
NAMs and human-centred experimental design must be embedded into educational curricula across disciplines. Inter- and transdisciplinary learning, integrating complex in vitro models, in silico tools and artificial intelligence (AI) will equip future researchers with the knowledge and skills needed to lead this scientific transition.
